Daunorubicin hydrochloride (Rubidomycin hydrochloride) is an anthracycline aminoglycoside, a topoisomerase II (Topo II) inhibitor. Daunorubicin hydrochloride inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis and has antitumor activity.

DNA synthesis:20 nM(Ki)

方法：ALL 细胞系 MOLT-4、CCRF-CEM 和 SUP-B15 用 Daunorubicin hydrochloride (10 µM) 处理 4 h，再用恢复培养基培养 4、12 和 24 h 后，使用 MTT assay 检测细胞活力。
结果：在 4 h 后，在 MOLT-4 细胞中观察到 Daunorubicin 的毒性，12 h 和 24 h 后保持毒性水平。暴露于 Daunorubicin 的 CCRF-CEM 直到恢复培养基中 12 h 才显示细胞密度显着降低，24 h 后细胞密度水平仍显著下降。SUP-B15 细胞的处理与 Daunorubicin 导致双相反应，4 h 后细胞密度显著降低，12 h 后细胞密度的降低与对照相当，并且在 24 h 时没有显着降低。[1]
方法：人 RPE 细胞用 Daunorubicin hydrochloride (0.02-20 µM) 处理 24 h，使用 TUNEL assay 检测细胞凋亡。
结果：通过原位 DNA 末端标记和组蛋白相关 DNA 片段的定量，RPE 细胞暴露于 Daunorubicin 导致细胞凋亡。[2]

方法：为检测体内抗肿瘤活性，将 Daunorubicin hydrochloride (2 mg/kg) 腹腔注射给携带 HCT116 异种移植物的 BALB/c nude 小鼠，每两天一次，持续十五天。
结果：向 HCT116 异种移植物小鼠中施用 Daunorubicin 可显著抑制肿瘤进展和肿瘤组织中的 GLI1 水平。[3]

Daunorubicin (Dnr) is prepared in PBS[2]. The chemosensitivity to Daunorubicin is assessed using the MTT assay. In brief, the 96 well plates are set up with cells at the initial density of 2×105 cells/mL and are incubated at 37°C for 72 h in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in the absence and presence of nine different concentrations of Daunorubicin (Dnr) or Dox ranging from 1.90 to 0.007 μM in triplicate. After incubation, 10 μL of MTT solution (5 mg/mL tetrazolium salt) is added to each well and the plates are incubated for a further 4 h at 37°C. The formazan salt crystals are dissolved by adding 100 μL 10% SDS in 10 mM HCl solution and incubating over night at 37°C. The absorbance is measured at 540 nm with a reference at 650 nm by a 96-well enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plate reader. Chemosensitivity is expressed as the IC50, which is the concentration of drug causing 50% cell survival compare to control cells grown without drug. Calculations are carried out using Microsoft Excel[2].